What is Melanoma? 

Melanoma is a serious type of skin cancer that originates from pigment cells and forms cancerous growths on the skin. This cancer is caused by abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells called melanocytes. Melanocytes are cells that regulate the color and pigmentation of the skin. 

Symptoms of Melanoma 

Melanoma usually starts as a new growth in moles or normal skin tissue. Symptoms may include a change in the shape, size or color of the moles, irregular edges, more than one color, itching, bleeding or crusting. 

Risk Factors 

The development of melanoma depends on many factors. Skin type, family history, history of sun exposure, burns or skin lesions, sunscreen use, age and immune system status can affect risk. 

Diagnosis and Treatment 

Early diagnosis of melanoma can improve the chances of treatment and survival. Diagnosis is usually made by a dermatologist through a physical examination and a method called dermoscopy. Treatment options may include surgical removal, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapies and chemotherapy. 

Prevention

Sun protection is important for the prevention of melanoma. In addition, monitoring changes in the skin, limiting the amount of sun exposure, regular skin examinations and visits to the dermatologist are important.